Influence of Family Types, Peer Pressure and Parental Care on Self Esteem

Emmanuel Temitope Bankole; Christianah Kehinde Arowosegbe; Olubukola Ajayi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajap.20211006.19

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Influence of Family Types, Peer Pressure and Parental Care on Self Esteem

Emmanuel Temitope Bankole, Christianah Kehinde Arowosegbe, Olubukola Ajayi

Published in American Journal of Applied Psychology (Volume 10, Issue 6)

Received: 27 November 2021 Accepted: 20 December 2021 Published: 31 December 2021

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Abstract

This study investigated the influence of family types, parental care and peer pressure on self-esteem. Five hundred (500) research participants which include undergraduates drawn from Ekiti State University, Ado – Ekiti and Federal University of Oye, Oye – Ekiti were used for this study. Four research instruments were used for this study and this includes Brief family relationship scale used in measuring family orientations and types. Other research instruments include, Rosenborg self-esteem scale used in assessing individuals self-esteem and peer pressure inventory used in assessing domains of peer pressure. Three hypotheses were tested in this study; the first hypothesis tested the relationship between all the variables. Also, the second hypothesis tested the influence of peer pressure on self-esteem while the third hypothesis tested gender differences in self-esteem. Appropriate statistical methods were used in testing the hypotheses. The result of hypothesis one using Pearson Momentum Correlation analysis revealed that there is a significant relationship between self-esteem and family relation. Also, the result revealed further that there is a relationship between self-esteem and peer influence. Moreover, result from hypothesis two using independent t-test table revealed that peer pressure has an influence on self-esteem while result from hypothesis three revealed there is a gender differences in self-esteem. Findings are discussed according to literatures, conclusions are formulated and it was recommended that government should organize programmes and symposia to orientate parents to enhance policy formulation. This research was carried to know and understand how family types, parental care and peer pressure influence self esteem, self-esteem is defined as the feelings of affection for oneself, and there are several research that argue about self esteem and its relation to self evaluation, it also posit the imbalance within family about the equalization and acceptable of role, it also argues about how parental care can influence the person’s development and it explains that peer pressure starts becoming a real influence in a child's life as he grows older because peers interaction becomes to influence as people grow. There is an highlights about the relationship between family type, parental care on self-esteem and personality characteristics. Studies have shown that family and parental influence acts as a mediator of self-esteem and personality development.

Published in	American Journal of Applied Psychology (Volume 10, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajap.20211006.19
Page(s)	193-198
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Peer Influence, Self-esteem, Family Type, Parental Care

References

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[2]	Baumeister, R. F., Tice, D. M., & Hutton, D. G. (1989). Self-presentational motivations and personality differences in self-esteem. Journal of personality, 57 (3), 547-579.
[3]	Harter, S. (2015). The construction of the self: Developmental and sociocultural foundations. Guilford Publications.
[4]	Campbell, J. D., & Lavallee, L. F. (1993). Who am I? The role of self-concept confusion in understanding the behavior of people with low self-esteem. In Self-esteem (pp. 3-20). Springer, Boston, MA.
[5]	Chawla, R., & Kaur, A. (2015). Interpersonal acceptance rejection as predictor of happiness among adolescents. International Journal of Education and Management Studies, 5 (3), 228.
[6]	Khaleque, A., & Rohner, R. P. (2012). Transnational relations between perceived parental acceptance and personality dispositions of children and adults: A meta-analytic review. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 16 (2), 103-115.
[7]	Chambers K. J. (1993): Gender and command over property: A critical gap in economic analysis and policy in South Asia Volume 22, Issue 10, October 1994, Pages 1455-1478.
[8]	Brown, B. B., & Larson, J. (2009). Peer relationships in adolescence.
[9]	Brown, B. B. (2004). Adolescents' relationships with peers.
[10]	Brown, B. B. (2011). Popularity in peer group perspective. Popularity in the peer system, 165-192.
[11]	Brechwald, W. A., & Prinstein, M. J. (2011). Beyond homophile: A decade of advances in understanding peer influence processes. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 21 (1), 166-179.
[12]	Jackie, C. (2008). Similarity between early and middle adolescent close friends’ beliefs about personal jurisdiction. Social Development, 17, 1019– 1038.
[13]	Amato, P. R. (2000). The consequences of divorce for adults and children. Journal of marriage and family, 62 (4), 1269-1287.
[14]	Hill, J. (2003). Early identification of individuals at risk for antisocial personality disorder. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 182 (S44), s11-s14.
[15]	Li, W., Zeng, X., Wang, Y., Curtis, R., & Sparks, E. (2021). Does school matter for students’ self-esteem? Associations of family SES, peer SES, and school resources with Chinese students’ self-esteem. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, 71, 100565.
[16]	Mead, S., Hilton, D., & Curtis, L. (2001). Peer support: a theoretical perspective. Psychiatric rehabilitation journal, 25 (2), 134.
[17]	Repper, J., & Carter, T. (2011). A review of the literature on peer support in mental health services. Journal of mental health, 20 (4), 392-411.
[18]	Orth, U., & Robins, R. W. (2013). Understanding the link between low self-esteem and depression. Current directions in psychological science, 22 (6), 455-460.
[19]	Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2001). Age and birth cohort differences in self-esteem: A cross-temporal meta-analysis. Personality and social psychology review, 5 (4), 321-344.
[20]	Zeigler-Hill, V., & Myers, E. M. (2012). A review of gender differences in self-esteem.
[21]	Kling, K. C., Hyde, J. S., Showers, C. J., & Buswell, B. N. (1999). Gender differences in self-esteem: a meta-analysis. Psychological bulletin, 125 (4), 470.

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APA Style

Emmanuel Temitope Bankole, Christianah Kehinde Arowosegbe, Olubukola Ajayi. (2021). Influence of Family Types, Peer Pressure and Parental Care on Self Esteem. American Journal of Applied Psychology, 10(6), 193-198. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20211006.19

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ACS Style

Emmanuel Temitope Bankole; Christianah Kehinde Arowosegbe; Olubukola Ajayi. Influence of Family Types, Peer Pressure and Parental Care on Self Esteem. Am. J. Appl. Psychol. 2021, 10(6), 193-198. doi: 10.11648/j.ajap.20211006.19

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AMA Style

Emmanuel Temitope Bankole, Christianah Kehinde Arowosegbe, Olubukola Ajayi. Influence of Family Types, Peer Pressure and Parental Care on Self Esteem. Am J Appl Psychol. 2021;10(6):193-198. doi: 10.11648/j.ajap.20211006.19

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@article{10.11648/j.ajap.20211006.19,
  author = {Emmanuel Temitope Bankole and Christianah Kehinde Arowosegbe and Olubukola Ajayi},
  title = {Influence of Family Types, Peer Pressure and Parental Care on Self Esteem},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Psychology},
  volume = {10},
  number = {6},
  pages = {193-198},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajap.20211006.19},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20211006.19},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajap.20211006.19},
  abstract = {This study investigated the influence of family types, parental care and peer pressure on self-esteem. Five hundred (500) research participants which include undergraduates drawn from Ekiti State University, Ado – Ekiti and Federal University of Oye, Oye – Ekiti were used for this study. Four research instruments were used for this study and this includes Brief family relationship scale used in measuring family orientations and types. Other research instruments include, Rosenborg self-esteem scale used in assessing individuals self-esteem and peer pressure inventory used in assessing domains of peer pressure. Three hypotheses were tested in this study; the first hypothesis tested the relationship between all the variables. Also, the second hypothesis tested the influence of peer pressure on self-esteem while the third hypothesis tested gender differences in self-esteem. Appropriate statistical methods were used in testing the hypotheses. The result of hypothesis one using Pearson Momentum Correlation analysis revealed that there is a significant relationship between self-esteem and family relation. Also, the result revealed further that there is a relationship between self-esteem and peer influence. Moreover, result from hypothesis two using independent t-test table revealed that peer pressure has an influence on self-esteem while result from hypothesis three revealed there is a gender differences in self-esteem. Findings are discussed according to literatures, conclusions are formulated and it was recommended that government should organize programmes and symposia to orientate parents to enhance policy formulation. This research was carried to know and understand how family types, parental care and peer pressure influence self esteem, self-esteem is defined as the feelings of affection for oneself, and there are several research that argue about self esteem and its relation to self evaluation, it also posit the imbalance within family about the equalization and acceptable of role, it also argues about how parental care can influence the person’s development and it explains that peer pressure starts becoming a real influence in a child's life as he grows older because peers interaction becomes to influence as people grow. There is an highlights about the relationship between family type, parental care on self-esteem and personality characteristics. Studies have shown that family and parental influence acts as a mediator of self-esteem and personality development.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Influence of Family Types, Peer Pressure and Parental Care on Self Esteem
AU  - Emmanuel Temitope Bankole
AU  - Christianah Kehinde Arowosegbe
AU  - Olubukola Ajayi
Y1  - 2021/12/31
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20211006.19
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajap.20211006.19
T2  - American Journal of Applied Psychology
JF  - American Journal of Applied Psychology
JO  - American Journal of Applied Psychology
SP  - 193
EP  - 198
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5672
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20211006.19
AB  - This study investigated the influence of family types, parental care and peer pressure on self-esteem. Five hundred (500) research participants which include undergraduates drawn from Ekiti State University, Ado – Ekiti and Federal University of Oye, Oye – Ekiti were used for this study. Four research instruments were used for this study and this includes Brief family relationship scale used in measuring family orientations and types. Other research instruments include, Rosenborg self-esteem scale used in assessing individuals self-esteem and peer pressure inventory used in assessing domains of peer pressure. Three hypotheses were tested in this study; the first hypothesis tested the relationship between all the variables. Also, the second hypothesis tested the influence of peer pressure on self-esteem while the third hypothesis tested gender differences in self-esteem. Appropriate statistical methods were used in testing the hypotheses. The result of hypothesis one using Pearson Momentum Correlation analysis revealed that there is a significant relationship between self-esteem and family relation. Also, the result revealed further that there is a relationship between self-esteem and peer influence. Moreover, result from hypothesis two using independent t-test table revealed that peer pressure has an influence on self-esteem while result from hypothesis three revealed there is a gender differences in self-esteem. Findings are discussed according to literatures, conclusions are formulated and it was recommended that government should organize programmes and symposia to orientate parents to enhance policy formulation. This research was carried to know and understand how family types, parental care and peer pressure influence self esteem, self-esteem is defined as the feelings of affection for oneself, and there are several research that argue about self esteem and its relation to self evaluation, it also posit the imbalance within family about the equalization and acceptable of role, it also argues about how parental care can influence the person’s development and it explains that peer pressure starts becoming a real influence in a child's life as he grows older because peers interaction becomes to influence as people grow. There is an highlights about the relationship between family type, parental care on self-esteem and personality characteristics. Studies have shown that family and parental influence acts as a mediator of self-esteem and personality development.
VL  - 10
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Emmanuel Temitope Bankole

Department of Psychology & Behavioural Studies, Faculty of the Social Sciences, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
Christianah Kehinde Arowosegbe

Department of Psychology & Behavioural Studies, Faculty of the Social Sciences, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
Olubukola Ajayi

Department of Psychology & Behavioural Studies, Faculty of the Social Sciences, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria

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APA Style

Emmanuel Temitope Bankole, Christianah Kehinde Arowosegbe, Olubukola Ajayi. (2021). Influence of Family Types, Peer Pressure and Parental Care on Self Esteem. American Journal of Applied Psychology, 10(6), 193-198. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20211006.19

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ACS Style

Emmanuel Temitope Bankole; Christianah Kehinde Arowosegbe; Olubukola Ajayi. Influence of Family Types, Peer Pressure and Parental Care on Self Esteem. Am. J. Appl. Psychol. 2021, 10(6), 193-198. doi: 10.11648/j.ajap.20211006.19

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AMA Style

Emmanuel Temitope Bankole, Christianah Kehinde Arowosegbe, Olubukola Ajayi. Influence of Family Types, Peer Pressure and Parental Care on Self Esteem. Am J Appl Psychol. 2021;10(6):193-198. doi: 10.11648/j.ajap.20211006.19

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajap.20211006.19,
  author = {Emmanuel Temitope Bankole and Christianah Kehinde Arowosegbe and Olubukola Ajayi},
  title = {Influence of Family Types, Peer Pressure and Parental Care on Self Esteem},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Psychology},
  volume = {10},
  number = {6},
  pages = {193-198},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajap.20211006.19},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20211006.19},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajap.20211006.19},
  abstract = {This study investigated the influence of family types, parental care and peer pressure on self-esteem. Five hundred (500) research participants which include undergraduates drawn from Ekiti State University, Ado – Ekiti and Federal University of Oye, Oye – Ekiti were used for this study. Four research instruments were used for this study and this includes Brief family relationship scale used in measuring family orientations and types. Other research instruments include, Rosenborg self-esteem scale used in assessing individuals self-esteem and peer pressure inventory used in assessing domains of peer pressure. Three hypotheses were tested in this study; the first hypothesis tested the relationship between all the variables. Also, the second hypothesis tested the influence of peer pressure on self-esteem while the third hypothesis tested gender differences in self-esteem. Appropriate statistical methods were used in testing the hypotheses. The result of hypothesis one using Pearson Momentum Correlation analysis revealed that there is a significant relationship between self-esteem and family relation. Also, the result revealed further that there is a relationship between self-esteem and peer influence. Moreover, result from hypothesis two using independent t-test table revealed that peer pressure has an influence on self-esteem while result from hypothesis three revealed there is a gender differences in self-esteem. Findings are discussed according to literatures, conclusions are formulated and it was recommended that government should organize programmes and symposia to orientate parents to enhance policy formulation. This research was carried to know and understand how family types, parental care and peer pressure influence self esteem, self-esteem is defined as the feelings of affection for oneself, and there are several research that argue about self esteem and its relation to self evaluation, it also posit the imbalance within family about the equalization and acceptable of role, it also argues about how parental care can influence the person’s development and it explains that peer pressure starts becoming a real influence in a child's life as he grows older because peers interaction becomes to influence as people grow. There is an highlights about the relationship between family type, parental care on self-esteem and personality characteristics. Studies have shown that family and parental influence acts as a mediator of self-esteem and personality development.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Influence of Family Types, Peer Pressure and Parental Care on Self Esteem
AU  - Emmanuel Temitope Bankole
AU  - Christianah Kehinde Arowosegbe
AU  - Olubukola Ajayi
Y1  - 2021/12/31
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20211006.19
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajap.20211006.19
T2  - American Journal of Applied Psychology
JF  - American Journal of Applied Psychology
JO  - American Journal of Applied Psychology
SP  - 193
EP  - 198
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5672
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20211006.19
AB  - This study investigated the influence of family types, parental care and peer pressure on self-esteem. Five hundred (500) research participants which include undergraduates drawn from Ekiti State University, Ado – Ekiti and Federal University of Oye, Oye – Ekiti were used for this study. Four research instruments were used for this study and this includes Brief family relationship scale used in measuring family orientations and types. Other research instruments include, Rosenborg self-esteem scale used in assessing individuals self-esteem and peer pressure inventory used in assessing domains of peer pressure. Three hypotheses were tested in this study; the first hypothesis tested the relationship between all the variables. Also, the second hypothesis tested the influence of peer pressure on self-esteem while the third hypothesis tested gender differences in self-esteem. Appropriate statistical methods were used in testing the hypotheses. The result of hypothesis one using Pearson Momentum Correlation analysis revealed that there is a significant relationship between self-esteem and family relation. Also, the result revealed further that there is a relationship between self-esteem and peer influence. Moreover, result from hypothesis two using independent t-test table revealed that peer pressure has an influence on self-esteem while result from hypothesis three revealed there is a gender differences in self-esteem. Findings are discussed according to literatures, conclusions are formulated and it was recommended that government should organize programmes and symposia to orientate parents to enhance policy formulation. This research was carried to know and understand how family types, parental care and peer pressure influence self esteem, self-esteem is defined as the feelings of affection for oneself, and there are several research that argue about self esteem and its relation to self evaluation, it also posit the imbalance within family about the equalization and acceptable of role, it also argues about how parental care can influence the person’s development and it explains that peer pressure starts becoming a real influence in a child's life as he grows older because peers interaction becomes to influence as people grow. There is an highlights about the relationship between family type, parental care on self-esteem and personality characteristics. Studies have shown that family and parental influence acts as a mediator of self-esteem and personality development.
VL  - 10
IS  - 6
ER  -

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