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Study of Causal Factors of Anxiety and Depression Using Self-concept Among Indian College Students

Received: 19 July 2025     Accepted: 30 July 2025     Published: 9 December 2025
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Abstract

This paper offers to create an additional concern for improving ways to determine the causal factors of anxiety and depression in terms of self-concept that could aid in targeted and focused interventions. For this matter, the present study examined relationships between self-concept, anxiety, and depression. With the help of the self-report questionnaires a total of 120 Indian college students were considered for the study among which 60 were male and 60 female. The correlation analysis has revealed that the domains of self-concept have a statistically significant negative correlation with the variables anxiety and depression. The dimension of personal self-concept has shown a significantly larger effect size than the rest. Further, the regression analysis has confirmed that the domains of personal and academic self-concepts together have accounted for 42.4% of the variance in predicting state anxiety. In contrast, the domain of personal self-concept alone has accounted for 32.2% of the variance in predicting trait anxiety. Also, the dimension of personal self-concept is seen as accountable for 21.5% of total variability in predicting the variable depression. These findings are then extended more to understand the concepts associated with the factors/variables self-concept, anxiety, and depression. Their role and effect on future interventions for their psychological well-being and further research prospects were briefly discussed.

Published in American Journal of Applied Psychology (Volume 14, Issue 5)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajap.20251405.13
Page(s) 159-168
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Anxiety, Depression, Self-concept, Indian College Students, Personal Self-concept, Psychological Well-being

References
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[5] Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Brown, G. K. (1996). Manual for the Beck Depression Inventory-II. San Antonio: TX: Psychological Corporation.
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[11] Fitts, W. H., & Warren, W. L. (1996). Tennessee Self-Concept Scale, Second Edition (TSCS:2)(Manual). Torrance: CA: estern psychological Services.
[12] Grover, S., Dutt, A., & Avasthi, A. (2010, January). An overview of Indian research in depression. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 52(1), 178-188.
[13] Hall, C. S., & Lindzey, G. (1970). Theories of personality. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
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[16] Mallik, S. L., Rathore, N. S., & Jagawat, T. (2023, August). Depression among college going students: An evaluative study. The Seybold report, 18(8), 420-430.
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[18] Petersen, A. C., Compas, B. E., Brooks-Gunn, J., Stemmler, M., Ey, S., & Grant, K. E. (1993, March). Depression in adolescence. American Psychologist, 48(2), 155-168.
[19] Prakash, H. G., Kumar, S. D., Vanishri, A., Yadav, D., Saurish, H., & Gopi, A. (2024, August). Prevalence and Correlates of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among adoloscents in Urban and Rural Areas of Mysuru, South India. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 13(8), 2979-2985.
[20] Rebecca, R.-P. A., Defrance, E., & Cox, D. L. (2008, October). Self-Concept, Early Childhood Depression and School Retention as Predictors of Adolescent Depression in Urban Hispanic Adolescents. School Psychology International, 29(4), 426-441.
[21] Ryff, C. D. (2014). Psychological Well-Being Revisited: dvances in the Science and Practice of Eudaimonia. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 83, 10-28.
[22] Spielberger, C. D. (1966). Theory and research on anxiety. Anxiety and behavior. New York: Academic press.
[23] Spielberger, C. D., Gorsuch, R., Lushene, R. E., Vagg, P. R., & Jacobs, G. A. (1983). Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Palo Alto: CA: onsulting Psychologists Press.
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Galimotu, N. C. (2025). Study of Causal Factors of Anxiety and Depression Using Self-concept Among Indian College Students. American Journal of Applied Psychology, 14(5), 159-168. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20251405.13

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    ACS Style

    Galimotu, N. C. Study of Causal Factors of Anxiety and Depression Using Self-concept Among Indian College Students. Am. J. Appl. Psychol. 2025, 14(5), 159-168. doi: 10.11648/j.ajap.20251405.13

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    AMA Style

    Galimotu NC. Study of Causal Factors of Anxiety and Depression Using Self-concept Among Indian College Students. Am J Appl Psychol. 2025;14(5):159-168. doi: 10.11648/j.ajap.20251405.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajap.20251405.13,
      author = {Nikhil Chopra Galimotu},
      title = {Study of Causal Factors of Anxiety and Depression Using Self-concept Among Indian College Students},
      journal = {American Journal of Applied Psychology},
      volume = {14},
      number = {5},
      pages = {159-168},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajap.20251405.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajap.20251405.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajap.20251405.13},
      abstract = {This paper offers to create an additional concern for improving ways to determine the causal factors of anxiety and depression in terms of self-concept that could aid in targeted and focused interventions. For this matter, the present study examined relationships between self-concept, anxiety, and depression. With the help of the self-report questionnaires a total of 120 Indian college students were considered for the study among which 60 were male and 60 female. The correlation analysis has revealed that the domains of self-concept have a statistically significant negative correlation with the variables anxiety and depression. The dimension of personal self-concept has shown a significantly larger effect size than the rest. Further, the regression analysis has confirmed that the domains of personal and academic self-concepts together have accounted for 42.4% of the variance in predicting state anxiety. In contrast, the domain of personal self-concept alone has accounted for 32.2% of the variance in predicting trait anxiety. Also, the dimension of personal self-concept is seen as accountable for 21.5% of total variability in predicting the variable depression. These findings are then extended more to understand the concepts associated with the factors/variables self-concept, anxiety, and depression. Their role and effect on future interventions for their psychological well-being and further research prospects were briefly discussed.},
     year = {2025}
    }
    

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    AU  - Nikhil Chopra Galimotu
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    AB  - This paper offers to create an additional concern for improving ways to determine the causal factors of anxiety and depression in terms of self-concept that could aid in targeted and focused interventions. For this matter, the present study examined relationships between self-concept, anxiety, and depression. With the help of the self-report questionnaires a total of 120 Indian college students were considered for the study among which 60 were male and 60 female. The correlation analysis has revealed that the domains of self-concept have a statistically significant negative correlation with the variables anxiety and depression. The dimension of personal self-concept has shown a significantly larger effect size than the rest. Further, the regression analysis has confirmed that the domains of personal and academic self-concepts together have accounted for 42.4% of the variance in predicting state anxiety. In contrast, the domain of personal self-concept alone has accounted for 32.2% of the variance in predicting trait anxiety. Also, the dimension of personal self-concept is seen as accountable for 21.5% of total variability in predicting the variable depression. These findings are then extended more to understand the concepts associated with the factors/variables self-concept, anxiety, and depression. Their role and effect on future interventions for their psychological well-being and further research prospects were briefly discussed.
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